A recent global analysis has shown a significant increase in the number of strokes worldwide since 1990, with most incidence and deaths occurring in low-income countries. The study, published in the Lancet Neurology journal, highlighted the importance of focusing stroke prevention efforts on high blood pressure, lifestyle, and environmental factors that contribute to the risk of strokes.
The study, led by Dr. Valery Feigin from the Auckland University of Technology, found that metabolic factors contributed to nearly 70% of strokes, while environmental and behavioral factors also played a significant role. The research revealed that rising obesity levels, type 2 diabetes, and high blood pressure among young adults were driving the increases in stroke-related health issues in low-income regions.
However, there was a positive note for Europe, as the region has seen a decline in stroke burden over the past three decades. Death rates have decreased significantly, particularly in Western Europe. Despite this improvement, high blood pressure and high cholesterol remain the top risk factors for strokes in Europe, with air pollution also being a significant concern, especially in Central Europe.
The study’s authors emphasized the need for urgent climate action and measures to reduce air pollution in order to continue the positive trend seen in Europe. They also suggested shifting some stroke prevention efforts to nurses and health volunteers, as well as utilizing telehealth platforms to reach patients more effectively.
In conclusion, the study highlights the importance of addressing the critical gaps in stroke service delivery and building workforce capacity to effectively prevent and manage strokes across all countries. By addressing high blood pressure, lifestyle factors, and environmental risks, significant progress can be made in reducing the global burden of strokes.
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